Making cement structures waterproof.



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COATING R PLASTIC.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GUSTAV H. LIEBAU, OF METUGHEN, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- FOURTH TO CHARLES A. WANNER, OF MELROSE PARK, PENNSYL- VANIA, AND ONE-FOURTH TO JOHN A. STAHR, OF ELKINS PARK,

PENNSYLVANIA.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 10,1906.

Application filed December 22, 1905. Serial No. 293,037.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GUSTAV H. LIEBAU, a citizen of the United States, residing at Metuchen, Middlesex county, New Jersey, have invented certain Improvements in Making Cement Structures Waterproof, of which the followin is a specification.

The object of my invention is to make cement substantially waterproof. This object 10 I attain in the following manner:

In carrying out my invention I can use any of the cements now on the market, preferably For an and mix them in the ordinary manner with the varied quantities of sand as desired; but in place of the water usua y added to the cement to make the mortar I use a compound of which water forms the main ingredient.

In making this compound I mix a certain :0 quantity of silicate of soda a certain quantityofanon-drvin Oll such asfish-oil or referabl whale-oil and a certain quant ty of water.

11 carrying out my ex eriments I have found that a very acce tal ile compound can bedmade ofie-haf alllonqof silicate of so a onea a on o w a e-o1 mixe W1 thirty gallons of water. These ingredients can be thoroughly mixed and barreled, so that when it is'wished to make a cement structure waterprggf the compound is added to the cement and sand in the place of water. If desi'r'dftlisilic'ate of soda and whale-oil can be mixed in equal roportions and barreled and the water a ded when the compoiinfid11 rnfixed withthe cebipent. h

t at it is esira e to cleanse t e sand, preferably by washing, so that the sure of the small particles thereof will be 40 thoroughly coated with the compound. The silicate of the compound combines with the silica in the cement, and the whale-oigiishaving the quality of not drying out, the small interstices or voids of the mass in such a manner as to make the structure impervi- 5 ous to moisture.

The soda of the silicate of soda will not sweat out and is not objectionable in the ocment structure, as the whale-oil will combine with the soda, forming a jelly which will be retained in the structure.

In the ordinary cement structure made without the use of my ingredients there are always found numerous hair cracks and checks; but owing to the fact that the fish-oil 5 never dries out these small hair cracks and checks are prevented by the use of my invention.

To roduce the best results, the materials must e so thoroughly mixed that the oil will envelop every molecule of cement. The silicate o soda of the compound initiates the crystallization of the silicate in the cement, thus making a very substantial and waterproof structure.

I have found that while by the use of my improved compound the setting of the cement is retarded to a certain extent it will not, however, affect the solidity or strength of the structure to any material degree.

I claim- 1. A compound consisting of comem silicate of soda andwhale-pil.

2. The combination of cement with silicate of soda and whale-oil. 7 5

3. A compound consisting of concrete, silicate of soda and a non-drying oil.

4. A cement structure consisting of cement, silicate of soda and a non-drying oil, the two latter substances being uniformly 8o distributed throughout the structure.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

GUSTAV H. LIEBAUJ Witnesses:

WILL. A. BARR, J 0s. H. KLEIN. 

